Protection of animal fibers against the effects of alkaline or acid mediums

ABSTRACT

285,544. Eley, C. V. A. Nov. 15, 1926. Smoke and fumes, washing.-Apparatus for treating boiler furnace gases comprises a filter chamber 13 connected by a pipe 16 to a liquid tank 17. The gases pass upwards through the filter and enter the tank below the liquid level and escape through an outlet pipe near the upper part of the tank; the gases are drawn through both filter and tank by suction. The filter 13 may contain trays of lime, soda, &amp;c. for absorbing carbon dioxide &amp;c. and a.lso trays of material for collecting heavier flue dust. A spray 15 of waber or water charged with lime, soda &amp;c. may be employed. The liquid tank 17 has a baffle 18 beneath the liquid level, and pipes 19 opening into an outer water-heating chamber 20 having a steam outlet 22. Discharge of gases through a pump or fan 23 is controlled by a valve 25. A helical conveyer 28 is provided in a sump 27 for discharging sediment through an out-take 30 into a chamber 32 from which water is drawn off through a pipe 34. Valves 31, 35 controlling the inlet and outlet of the ash collection chamber may be interconnected and operated at intervals as by the driving means of the helical conveyer.

Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RONALD SMITH HORSFALL AND LEsLIE GORDON LAWRIE, or BLAOKLEY, MAN- cnEsrEE, ENGLAND, AssIeNoEs '10 BRITISH DYEs'rUEE-s CORPORATION LIMITED, E BLACKLEY, MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

PROTECTION orANmAL FIBERS Aenms'r THE EFFECTS or ALKALINE on non) MEDIUMS.

No drawing. Application filed October 31, 1927, Serial No. 280,177, and in Great Britain November 18, 1986.

protect the material from this undesirable.

action of alkalies and acids. British Patent No. 188,632 claims the use of sulphite cellulose liquor and the condensation product of formaldehyde and naphthalene sulphonic acids have also been employed for this pur- )OSB.

1 We have now discovered that the soluble products prepared by condensing ureas with an aldehyde, particularly with formaldehyde, have an excellent protective action upon animal fibers, fur and the like, and either greatly diminish or. wholly prevent 2 their deterioration by alkaline or acid media. Condensation products of various ureas with formaldehyde, useful in the present invention, and their manufacture, are described in British Patents 151,016, 171,094 and 213,567. Our invention has a very wide application.

As examples of processes in which this undesirable action of alkalies ordinarily occurs and in which it may be wholly, or largely, prevented, we by the use of the present invention may mention Wool scouring, the dyeing of wool with vat colours, the dyeing of wool with sulphur colours, degumming silk, the dyeing of silk with vat colours, the dyeing of silk with sulphur colours and killing and dyeing furs.

As examples of this protective action in the presenceof acid liquors we may mention the following: the dyeing of wool with acid colours, especially fine worsted yarns which are liable to become felted on long-continued boiling in an acid dye bath, the mordanting of wool with chromic acid or chromium compounds, and the carbonizing of wool.

The most convenient method of applying our invention is to add one of the above-mentioned condensation products of urea and formaldehyde to the bath containing the material undergoing the alkaline or acid treatment. As examples of such substances, which We find exhibit a protective action, We may mention monomethyl urea, dimethylol urea, and the stage in the production-of the insoluble resin described in'British Letters Patent No. 213,567.

The following examples will serve to illustrate the manner in which this invention is applied, but the invention is not confined to these examples.

Example J.S0oem'ng wool.

Unsecured wool is treated for to hour at 4550 C. in a bath containing 10 per cent of the weight of material of sodium carbonate and 5 per cent of the weight of material, of dimethylol urea; the wool is then thoroughly Washed.

The wool is in this manner, sufliciently scoured without having suffered damage, such as tendering or lossof elasticity, due to the injurious action of the alkali.

Example 2.D a eing silk with cat colours. (For 20 lbs. of silk yam.)

Ewample 3.Kz'lling furs.

The furs are killed by brushing them with a solution containing 1-2 per cent of caustic soda to which has been added an amount 90 of mono-methylol urea equal to one-fifth the weight of the caustic soda. The addition of dimethylol urea prevents the characteristic burnt or curled appearance which the acgion of strong caustic soda produces upon 95 Ewample 4.Dyez'ng worsted.

Worsted yarn is dyed for about 1 hour at the boil with 2 per cent of alizarine celestol B, together with 10 per cent of Glaubers salt, 2 per cent of sulphuric acid and 5-10 821' cent of dimethylol urea,'the percentages in calculated on the weight of the materiai. v

E u 5.--Mordanting wool.

The mordanting bath is prepared with 3 per cent of tassium bichromate, 2.5 r cent of cream 0 tartar and 5 per cent 0 monomethylol urea. The material is entered, brought to the boil, and boiled for 1 hours. What we claim and desire to secure by LettersPatent is 1 1. The improvement in processes for the treatment of wool, silk, fur and other animal fibrous material in liquid media consisting 1n the addition to the said media of a soluble condensation product of an urea with formaldehyde. I

2. The improvement in processes. for the treatment of wool, silk, fur and other animal fibrous material in liquid alkaline medra, consistin in the addition to the said medla of a solu 1e condensation productof an urea with formaldehyde.

3. The improvement in processes for the treatment of wool, silk, fur and other fibrous material in liquid media co in the addition to the said media of a solu 1e 'condensationproduct of urea with a formal:

dehyde.

4. The improvement in pr v.4: treatment of wool, silk, fur and other animal fibrous material in liquid alkaline media, consistin in the addition to the said media of the so uble condensation product of urea with a formaldehyde.

5. The improvement in pr for the so I for the In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.

RONALD SMITH HORSFALL. LESLIE GORDON LAWRIE.

I v DISCLAIMER v ,v 1,693,926.Roaald Smith Horsfall and Leslie Gordon Lawr'ie, Blackley, Manchester,

England. PROTECTION OF ANIMAL FIBERS AGAINST rm: Errnc'rs or Ammnma' on A011) Mnnnms.

Patent dated December 4, 1928. Disclaimer filed July 1;.

- 1931, by the assignee, British Dyestufl's C'orpwationI/im'ited. Therefore disclaims from the c pe and meanin of the claims of said Letters Patent No. 1,6 9'3,926, any interpretation of the li ui media therein referred to other thansu'ch liquid media which without additiono a soluble condensation product of an urea with formaldehyde or without the addition of dimethylolurea would be of. .such a character that they would in some degree or manner deleteriously affect the animal fibers treated.

Gazette July 21, 1931 

